同HIV患者生活，如何避免被感染？

There are many actions you can take to lower your risk of transmitting HIV to a partner. The more actions you take, the safer you can be.

• The most important thing you can do is to take medicines to treat HIV infection (called antiretroviral therapy, or ART) the right way, every day. These medicines reduce the amount of virus (viral load) in your blood and body fluids. They can keep you healthy for many years and greatly reduce your chance of transmitting HIV to your partners if you have a very low or undetectable viral load.
• If you’re taking medicines to treat HIV (ART), follow your health care provider’s advice. Visit your health care provider regularly and always take your medicines as directed.
• Use condoms the right way every time you have sex. Learn the right way to use a male condom.
• Choose less risky sexual behaviors. Anal sex is the highest-risk sexual activity for HIV transmission. If your partner is HIV-negative, it’s less risky if they’re the insertive partner (top) and you’re the receptive partner (bottom) during anal sex. Oral sex is much less risky than anal or vaginal sex. Sexual activities that don’t involve contact with body fluids (semen, vaginal fluid, or blood) carry no risk of HIV transmission.
• If you inject drugs, never share your needles or works with anyone.
• Talk to your partners about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), taking HIV medicines the right way, every day to prevent HIV infection. See Can I take medicines to prevent getting HIV?
• Talk to your partners about post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) if you think they’ve recently had a possible exposure to HIV (for example, if they had anal or vaginal sex without a condom or if the condom broke during sex). Your partners should talk to a health care provider right away (within 72 hours) after a possible exposure. Starting PEP immediately and taking it daily for 28 days will reduce their chance of getting HIV.
• Get tested and treated for other STDs and encourage your partners to do the same. If you are sexually active, get tested at least once a year. STDs can have long-term health consequences. They can also increase the risk of getting or transmitting HIV. 
  

Also, encourage your partners who are HIV-negative to get tested for HIV so they are sure about their status and can take action to keep themselves healthy.